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Fiber Optic Film Dispersion

Dispersion in optical fibers refers to the spreading of these light pulses as they travel. Pulses launched close together (high bit rates) that spread too much (high dispersion) result in bit errors. When light travels through the fiber, it consists of two polarization states: horizontal and vertical. Single-mode fibers, used in high-speed optical networks, are subject to Chromatic Dispersion (CD) that causes pulse broadening depending on wavelength, and to Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) that causes pulse broadening depending on polarization. Each of the paths has a different length, leading to a phenomenon known as dispersion.