EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) supports a maximum split ratio of 1:64, meaning one PON port can serve up to 64 ONUs. In this article, we'll explain the concept of split. By dividing a single optical signal from a central Optical Line Terminal (OLT) into multiple outputs for Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) at users' homes, splitters eliminate the need for dedicated fibers to each residence—slashing infrastructure costs while scaling network reach. According to the Broadband Forum, PLC splitters are essential for achieving scalable and cost-effective GPON and XGS-PON deployment in access networks. The optical input power is distributed uniformly across all output ports.